【長難句】
A solipsist, in case you don’t happen to know the word, is one who believes that he himself is the only thing that really exists, that other people and the universe in general exist only in his imagination, and that if he quit imagining them they would cease to exist.
【句子拆分】
主語 A solipsist
謂語 is
賓語 one
【單詞解析】
單詞
quit
音標(biāo)
[kw?t]
中文詞意
v. 離開,離任;放棄;停止;使…解除
【語法分析】
這句話實(shí)際上是一個(gè)主系表結(jié)構(gòu),主語"A solipsist","in case you don’t happen to know the word"引導(dǎo)目的狀語從句,系詞在后面"is",表語"one",后面"who"引導(dǎo)定語從句修飾表語,定語從句中,"who"代替主語的位置和作用,謂語"believes",后面緊跟著"that"引導(dǎo)的賓語從句, 賓語從句也是主系表,主語"he",系詞"is",表語"the only thing",表語后面跟著"that"引導(dǎo)的定語從句,定語從句中"exists"做謂語。后面的"that"實(shí)際上應(yīng)該和前面"believes"后面的"that"并列,即"believe"的賓語從句。主語"other people and the universe","exist"是謂語,"in his imagination"可以看成是狀語。再后面的那個(gè)"that"同樣是"believes"的賓語從句,這個(gè)還是一個(gè)復(fù)合句,"if he quit imagining them"是條件狀語從句,主語"he",謂語"quit doing",這里要注意"quit"這個(gè)動(dòng)詞后面接的形式,"them"則是動(dòng)名詞"imagining"后接的賓語。"they would cease to exist"是主句,主語"they",謂語"would cease",可將不定式"to exist"這個(gè)不定式當(dāng)賓語,只不過"exist"是不及物動(dòng)詞。
【譯文】
唯我論者(萬一你碰巧不認(rèn)識(shí)這個(gè)詞)就是指一個(gè)人認(rèn)為他自己是惟一真實(shí)存在的事物, 其他人以及整個(gè)宇宙只存在于他的想象當(dāng)中; 一旦他停止想象,他們就不復(fù)存在。
【考情分析】
句中的"he himself..."里面,"himself"是主語的同位語,作為反身代詞起到強(qiáng)調(diào)的作用。
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