confine to:限制
The significance of hot spots is not confined to their role as a frame of reference.(1998年閱讀真題)
翻譯:熱點(diǎn)的意義不僅限于它們作為參考標(biāo)準(zhǔn)的角色。
點(diǎn)睛:這句話結(jié)構(gòu)上很簡(jiǎn)單,”as a frame of reference”是定語(yǔ)修飾前面的”their role”。
conform to:遵守,符合,順應(yīng)
While there are almost as many definitions of history as there are historians, modern practice most closely conforms to one that sees history as the attempt to recreate and explain the significant events of the past.(1999年閱讀真題)
翻譯:幾乎每個(gè)歷史學(xué)家對(duì)史學(xué)都有自己的界定,但現(xiàn)代歷史學(xué)家的實(shí)踐最趨向于認(rèn)為歷史學(xué)是一門試圖重現(xiàn)過去的重大史實(shí)并對(duì)其作出解釋的科學(xué)。
點(diǎn)睛:這是一個(gè)復(fù)合句,”while”在這引導(dǎo)的是一個(gè)讓步狀語(yǔ)從句,”as many as”表達(dá)的意思是“和某事一樣多”。字面翻譯就是“有關(guān)于歷史的界定和歷史學(xué)家?guī)缀跏且粯佣嗟?rdquo;,仔細(xì)想一下,既然是一樣多,數(shù)量上能做到每個(gè)人一個(gè),那么不就等于“幾乎每一個(gè)歷史學(xué)家都有一個(gè)對(duì)于歷史的界定”這個(gè)意思表達(dá)嗎!主句的主干是”modern practice most closely conforms to one”,后面的”that”引導(dǎo)的是定語(yǔ)從句,注意定語(yǔ)從句中的詞組”see...as”,表達(dá)“將某事看作為”。
consent to:贊成
In addition, it is unclear what force a contract can have for people who never consented to it: how do you reply to somebody who says “I don’t like this contract”?(1997年翻譯真題)
翻譯:此外,人們還不清楚契約對(duì)于那些從來(lái)就沒同意過他的人來(lái)說還能有多大制約力:你如何回?fù)裟切┱f“我不喜歡那個(gè)契約”。
點(diǎn)睛:這句話不但包含從句,中間還摻雜疑問句,所有的這些因素都會(huì)在閱讀時(shí)造成障礙,比如在從句中,”a contract”是疑問句的主語(yǔ),”can have”是謂語(yǔ)部分,”what force”是賓語(yǔ)。從成分順序上來(lái)講和”Do you know what you want?”是一個(gè)道理。但是在真題例句中,”what”算是關(guān)系限定詞。你可以將這個(gè)”what”轉(zhuǎn)化為”all the force that”,代入從句就是”all the force that a contract can have...”,同學(xué)們可以大概先了解一下。
contrary to:相反的,矛盾的
The Hawthorne experiments has another surprise in store. Contrary to the description on record, no systematic evidence was found that levels of productivity were related to changes in lighting.(2010年完形真題)
翻譯:Hawthorne實(shí)驗(yàn)又一次讓人大吃一驚。不同于已經(jīng)記錄在案的描述,沒有發(fā)現(xiàn)成體系的證據(jù)說明生產(chǎn)力水平與光線的改變有關(guān)。
點(diǎn)睛:在上面的例子的第一句話中,有一個(gè)挺重要的短語(yǔ)”in store”,表達(dá)“儲(chǔ)藏著,準(zhǔn)備著”的含義。有那種“馬上就要蓄勢(shì)待發(fā)”的感覺。第二句里面”Contrary to the description on record”是狀語(yǔ)。主句是被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài),當(dāng)中的”that levels of productivity were related to changes in lighting”是前面主語(yǔ)的同位語(yǔ)從句,寫在后面方便平衡句子的結(jié)構(gòu)。
control over:控制
If ambition is to be well regarded, the rewards of ambition--wealth, distinction, control over one’s destiny--must be deemed worthy of the sacrifices made on ambition’s behalf.(2000年閱讀真題)
翻譯:如果雄心能得到正確的對(duì)待,那么人們認(rèn)為對(duì)雄心的全部回饋--財(cái)富,地位,對(duì)命運(yùn)的支配--就值得為了雄心而付出的代價(jià)。
點(diǎn)睛:這句話是一個(gè)復(fù)合句,”If ambition is to be well regarded”作為條件狀語(yǔ)從句。主句中間的”--wealth, distinction, control over one’s destiny--”作為主語(yǔ)的同位語(yǔ)。謂語(yǔ)部分是”must be deemed”,注意這一部分,因?yàn)橹^語(yǔ)表達(dá)的是被動(dòng)態(tài),而動(dòng)詞”deem”后面接的賓語(yǔ)應(yīng)該包含賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)語(yǔ),就是因?yàn)椴捎昧吮粍?dòng)態(tài),所以”worthy of the sacrifices”應(yīng)該是主語(yǔ)補(bǔ)語(yǔ),如果把語(yǔ)態(tài)變成主動(dòng)態(tài),應(yīng)該是”Everyone deem the rewards of ambition--wealth, distinction, control over one’s destiny--worthy of the sacrifices made on ambition’s behalf.”。最后這一部分里面的”made on ambition’s behalf”做后置定語(yǔ)修飾前面的”the sacrifices”。里面還包含一個(gè)短語(yǔ)”on one’s behalf”,表達(dá)“代表某方的利益”。
以上就是“研線小課堂 | 考研英語(yǔ)詞組篇Part15”的全部?jī)?nèi)容,祝你考研成功!