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研線小課堂 | 考研英語(yǔ)長(zhǎng)難句練習(xí)篇Part15

It is possible to demonstrate by other methods refined structural differences among neuron types; however, proof was lacking that the quality of the impulse or its condition was influenced by these differences, which seemed instead to influence the developmental patterning of the neural circuits.
 
重點(diǎn)語(yǔ)料
 
demonstrate(v.):展示,證明
 
refined(adj.):精妙的,細(xì)微的
 
neuron(n.):神經(jīng)元
 
impulse(v./n.):脈沖,沖動(dòng)
 
circuit(v./n.):回路,循環(huán)
 
第一分句結(jié)構(gòu)分析
 
形式主語(yǔ):it
 
真正主語(yǔ):to demonstrate by other methods refined structural differences among neuron types
 
謂語(yǔ):is possible
 
第二分句結(jié)構(gòu)分析
 
主語(yǔ):proof
 
同位語(yǔ):that the quality of the impulse or its condition was influenced by these differences
 
系詞:was
 
表語(yǔ):lacking
 
非限定性定語(yǔ)從句:which seemed instead to influence the developmental patterning of the neural circuits
 
全句翻譯
 
有可能通過其他方法來證明神經(jīng)元種類見的細(xì)微結(jié)構(gòu)差別;可是,這樣的證據(jù)是缺乏的,即神經(jīng)沖動(dòng)的性質(zhì)或者狀態(tài)是受這些差異所影響的,而這些差異看起來卻能影響神經(jīng)網(wǎng)絡(luò)的發(fā)育模式。
 
經(jīng)驗(yàn)分享
 
對(duì)于第一個(gè)分句來講。它的整體結(jié)構(gòu)并不難,就是一個(gè)不定式做真正主語(yǔ)并后置的句型。第一分句的主要難點(diǎn)在于不定式的拆解。”to demonstrate by other methods refined structural differences among neuron types”,在這個(gè)不定式當(dāng)中,一定要記得只要是及物動(dòng)詞就要跟賓語(yǔ),這個(gè)不定式的動(dòng)詞是”demonstrate”,在這兒是個(gè)及物動(dòng)詞,不要被后面的”by other methods”所干擾,它只是一個(gè)修飾”demonstrate”的狀語(yǔ),真正的賓語(yǔ)是”refined structural differences”,而”among neuron types”則是賓語(yǔ)的定語(yǔ)。
 
在第二個(gè)分句中,它的主干非常簡(jiǎn)單--”proof was lacking”,后面的”that...these differences”是主語(yǔ)”proof”的同位語(yǔ),之所以放到后面,是因?yàn)槿绻贸R?guī)位置構(gòu)造句子的話,它會(huì)寫成這樣--”proof that the quality of the impulse or its condition was influenced by these differences was lacking”,非常不利于理解和閱讀。而最后的非限定性定語(yǔ)從句”which seemed instead to influence the developmental patterning of the neural circuits”用來修飾前面的”differences”。在這個(gè)定語(yǔ)從句中,”seem”該和”to”連接在一起,而”instead”是一個(gè)副詞,譯作”而是”。

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