考研英語長難句還不夠熟練的同學(xué)們,今日跨考教育為大家?guī)?個(gè)長難句,每個(gè)句子各有特色,都是精選出來涵蓋知識(shí)點(diǎn)比較全面或者學(xué)生容易出錯(cuò)的。五句話,周一到周五,每天學(xué)會(huì)一個(gè)就好,老師要求是不是很低?其實(shí)英語就是一個(gè)累積的過程,一下子達(dá)到一個(gè)很高的水平有難度,循序漸進(jìn)達(dá)到高水平就指日可待了!
第一句
In talking to some scientists, particularly younger ones, you might gather the impression that they find the “scientific method” a substitute for imaginative thought.
核心詞匯:
1.substitute ['s?bstitju:t]
v/n.代替,替換
2.particularly [p?'tikjul?li]
ad.特別地,尤其地
3.imaginative [i'mæd?in?tiv]
a.富于想象地,有創(chuàng)造力地
具體分析:
句子主干是you might gather the impression(你可能會(huì)得到這樣一種印象)。賓語impression后是that引導(dǎo)的同位語從句that they find the “scientific method” a substitute for imaginative thought.(他們認(rèn)為“科學(xué)方法”可以代替創(chuàng)造性思維),該從句中的find+賓語(n.)+賓補(bǔ)(n.)結(jié)構(gòu)意為“覺得…是…”。句首的介詞短語In talking to some scientists, particularly younger ones(在和一些科學(xué)家,特別是年輕科學(xué)家交談時(shí))充當(dāng)狀語成分。
參考譯文:
在和一些科學(xué)家,特別是年輕科學(xué)家交談時(shí),你可能會(huì)得到這樣一種印象:他們認(rèn)為“科學(xué)方法”可以代替創(chuàng)造性思維。
第二句
While warnings are often appropriate and necessary—the dangers of drug interactions, for example—and many are required by state or federal regulations, it is not clear that they actually protect the manufacturers and sellers from liability if a customer is injured.
核心詞匯
1.appropriate [?'pr?upri?t]
a.合適的
2.interaction [,int?'ræk??n]
n.相互影響,相互作用
3.federal ['fed?r?l]
a.聯(lián)邦的
4.liability [,lai?'bil?ti]
n.責(zé)任,義務(wù),負(fù)債
5.regulation [,reɡju'lei??n]
n.規(guī)章制度,管理制度
6.warn [w?:n]
v.警告,提醒
7.manufacturer [,mænju'fækt??]
n.制造商
具體分析
該句主干是it is not clear that... ,其中“it”是形式主語,后面that引導(dǎo)的they actually protect the manufacturers and sellers from liability if a customer is injured(如果當(dāng)消費(fèi)者受傷時(shí),他們能真正保護(hù)制造商和銷售商使之免于承擔(dān)責(zé)任)才是真正的主語從句。前面是While引導(dǎo)的讓步狀語從句,它其中又包含著and連接的兩個(gè)并列分句,即warnings are often appropriate and necessary(警告常常是合理而必要的)和many are required by state or federal regulations(并且很多是州或聯(lián)邦法規(guī)所要求的);破折號(hào)中的部分the dangers of drug interactions, for example(如藥物有相互作用的危險(xiǎn))是插入語,舉例說明warnings的具體內(nèi)容,而many后省略了warnings。
參考譯文
雖然警告常常是合理而必要的(如警告藥物有相互作用的危險(xiǎn)),并且很多是州或聯(lián)邦法規(guī)所要求的,但是當(dāng)消費(fèi)者受傷時(shí),這些警示語能否真正保護(hù)制造商和銷售商使之免于承擔(dān)責(zé)任,還不清楚。
第三句
“The test of any democratic society, ” he wrote in a Wall Street Journal column, “lies not in how well it can control expression but in whether it gives freedom of thought and expression the widest possible latitude, however disputable or irritating the results may sometimes be.”
核心詞匯
1.test [test]
n/v.檢驗(yàn),測(cè)驗(yàn)
2.democratic [,dem?'krætik]
a.民主的
3.column ['k?l?m]
n.專欄
4.disputable [dis'pju:t?bl]
a.有爭議的
5.latitude ['lætitju:d]
n.回旋余地,自由,緯度
6.irritating ['iriteiti?]
a.令人憤怒的
7.lie in 在于
具體分析
直接引語中主干是The test ...lies not in ...but in ...(檢驗(yàn)不在于...而在于...)。not in 后面是how引導(dǎo)的賓語從句how well it can control expression(它能多好的控制表達(dá))。but in 后面是whether引導(dǎo)的賓語從句,whether it gives freedom of thought and expression the widest possible latitude(它是否能給予思想自由和表達(dá)自由盡可能大的范圍),逗號(hào)的后面是however引導(dǎo)的讓步狀語從句however disputable or irritating the results may sometimes be(不管結(jié)果有時(shí)會(huì)是多么有爭議或令人不悅)。
參考譯文
他在《華爾街日?qǐng)?bào)》的一個(gè)專欄中寫道:“對(duì)任何一個(gè)民主社會(huì)的檢驗(yàn),不在于它能多好地控制思想表達(dá),而在于它是否能給予思想自由和表達(dá)自由盡可能大的范圍,不管結(jié)果有時(shí)會(huì)是多么有爭議或令人不悅。”
第四句
It takes more than a brief encounter on a bus to distinguish between courteous convention and individual interest.
核心詞匯
1.encounter [in'kaunt?]
n./ v.遭遇,相遇
2.courteous ['k?:tj?s]
a.有禮貌的,殷勤的
3.distinguish [dis'ti?ɡwi?]
v.區(qū)別,區(qū)分;使杰出
4.convention [k?n'ven??n]
n.慣例,習(xí)俗,常規(guī);大會(huì),公約
5.more than 不僅僅是
具體分析
本句為典型的more than 比較結(jié)構(gòu),it為形式主語,真正的主語是后面的to distinguish between courteous convention and individual interest.(去區(qū)分有禮貌的習(xí)俗和個(gè)人興趣)。即去區(qū)分有禮貌的習(xí)俗和個(gè)人興趣需要的不僅僅是公共汽車上的短暫相遇,或者意譯為:僅靠公共汽車上的短暫相遇無法區(qū)分有禮貌的習(xí)俗和個(gè)人興趣。
參考譯文
僅靠公共汽車上的短暫相遇無法區(qū)分一種行為是文化習(xí)慣所致還是個(gè)人興趣使然。
第五句
Such large, impersonal manipulation of capital and industry greatly increased the numbers and importance of shareholders as a class, an element in national life representing irresponsible wealth detached from the land and the duties of the landowners; and almost equally detached from the responsible management of business.
核心詞匯
1.impersonal [im'p?:s?n?l]
a.非個(gè)人的;客觀的,不偏不倚的
2.manipulation [m?,nipju'lei??n]
n.控制,操縱,操作
3.detach [di'tæt?]
v. (from)使分離,使分開,拆開
4.shareholder ['?ε?,h?uld?]
n.股東
5.element ['elim?nt]
n.元素,成分
6.represent [,repri'zent]
v.代表,表現(xiàn)
具體分析
本句的主干是Such large, impersonal manipulation of capital and industry greatly increased the numbers and importance of shareholders as a class(對(duì)于資本與工業(yè)進(jìn)行如此大規(guī)模的非個(gè)人操縱,極大地增加了股東作為一個(gè)階層的數(shù)量與重要性),后面的an element in national life(國民生活中的一個(gè)元素)是shareholders的同位語,也就是說股東就是國民生活中的一個(gè)元素,后面的representing irresponsible wealth(代表著不負(fù)責(zé)任的財(cái)富)作element的后置定語而detached from the land and the duties of the landowners; and almost equally detached from the responsible management of business(與土地及土地所有者的責(zé)任相分離,差不多也與企業(yè)的管理責(zé)任相分離)又是wealth的后置定語。
參考譯文
對(duì)于資本與工業(yè)進(jìn)行如此大規(guī)模的非個(gè)人操縱,極大地增加了股東作為一個(gè)階層的數(shù)量與重要性-他們?cè)趪裆钪写碇回?fù)責(zé)任的財(cái)富,這種財(cái)富與土地及土地所有者的責(zé)任相分離,差不多也與企業(yè)的管理責(zé)任相分離。